Wide or Narrow Scope?
نویسنده
چکیده
This paper is a response to ‘Why Be Rational?’ by Niko Kolodny. Kolodny argues that we have no reason to satisfy the requirements of rationality. His argument assumes that these requirements have a logically narrow scope. To see what the question of scope turns on, this comment provides a semantics for ‘requirement’. It shows that requirements of rationality have a wide scope, at least under one sense of ‘requirement’. Consequently Kolodny’s conclusion cannot be derived.
منابع مشابه
Klaus Von Heusinger
Specific indefinite noun phrases are prototypically referential expressions, show wide scope, are presuppositional, and indicate discourse prominence or “noteworthiness”. However, not all specific indefinites show these properties. The existence of so-called “narrow scope specific” or “relative specific” indefinites demonstrates that specificity cannot be explained by the wide scope of specific...
متن کاملMonotonicity and Relative Scope Entailments 1
This paper explores the hypothesis that simple monotonicity properties of quantiiers in natural language determine to a large extent the entailment relations between their wide/narrow scope readings. We prove that the disjunctive normal form of upward monotone quanti-ers using principal ultraalters correlates with whether an object narrow scope reading entails an object wide scope reading. This...
متن کاملStructured Anaphora to Quantifier Domains A Unified Account of Quantificational and Modal Subordination and Exceptional Wide Scope
The paper proposes a novel analysis of quantificational subordination, e.g. Harvey courts a woman at every convention. {She is very pretty. vs. She always comes to the banquet with him.} (Karttunen 1976), in particular of the fact that the indefinite in the initial sentence can have wide or narrow scope, but the first discourse as a whole allows only for the wide scope reading, while the second...
متن کاملA Hybrid System For Quantifier Scoping
1. Introduction A prominent source of ambiguity confronting natural language processing systems is ambiguity of quantifier scope relations. For example, the sentence Some target was hit by every arrow has one reading on which the quantified noun phrase (NP) some target has wider scope than the quantified NP every arrow (some particular target got hit by all the arrows), and another reading on w...
متن کاملHarry Potter and the sorcerer's scope: latent scope biases in explanatory reasoning.
What makes a good explanation? We examine the function of latent scope, i.e., the number of unobserved phenomena that an explanation can account for. We show that individuals prefer narrow latent scope explanations-those that account for fewer unobserved effects-to broader explanations. In Experiments 1a-d, participants found narrow latent scope explanations to be both more satisfying and more ...
متن کامل